• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A turbine ring assembly comprising ring sectors (10) forming a turbine ring (1) and a ring support structure (3), each ring sector (10) having, in accordance with a plane of a section defined by an axial direction (DA) and a radial direction (DR) of the ring (1), an annular base portion (12) with, in the radial direction (DR), an inner face (12a) defining the inner face of the ring (1) and an outer face (12b) from which project a first and a second attachment lugs (14, 16), said structure (3) having a central ferrule ( 31) from which project first and second radial flanges (32, 36) between which are held the first and second latching lugs (14, 16) of each ring sector (10). It comprises a first and a second annular flange (33, 34) removably attached to the first radial flange (32) of the central ferrule (31) and separated from each other by a contact abutment (330, 340).
    公开号:FR3064023A1
    申请号:FR1752149
    申请日:2017-03-16
    公开日:2018-09-21
    发明作者:Nicolas Paul TABLEAU；Sebastien Serge Francis CONGRATEL；Clement Jean Pierre DUFFAU；Hubert Jean-Yves Illand；Lucien Henri Jacques QUENNEHEN
    申请人:Safran Aircraft Engines SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    © Publication number: 3,064,023 (to be used only for reproduction orders) (© National registration number: 17 52149 ® FRENCH REPUBLIC
    NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
    COURBEVOIE © IntCI 8
    F01 D 11/08 (2017.01), F 01 D 25/24
    A1 PATENT APPLICATION
    ©) Date of filing: 16.03.17.(30) Priority: © Applicant (s): SAFRAN AIRCRAFT ENGINES -FR. @) Date of public availability of the request: 09/21/18 Bulletin 18/38. @ Inventor (s): TABLE NICOLAS PAUL, CONGRATEL SEBASTIEN SERGE FRANCIS, DUFFAU CLEMENT JEAN PIERRE, ILLAND HUBERT JEAN-YVES and QUENNEHEN LUCIEN HENRI JACQUES. (56) List of documents cited in the preliminary search report: See the end of this brochure (© References to other related national documents: @ Holder (s): SAFRAN AIRCRAFT ENGINES. ©) Extension request (s): © Agent (s): CABINET BEAU DE LOMENIE. © TURBINE RING SET.
    FR 3 064 023 - A1 f5y A turbine ring assembly comprising ring sectors (10) forming a turbine ring (1) and a ring support structure (3), each ring sector (10 ) having, according to a cutting plane defined by an axial direction (D A ) and a radial direction (DR) of the ring (1), an annular base portion (12) with, in the radial direction (D R ) , an internal face (12a) defining the internal face of the ring (1) and an external face (12b) from which project first and second hooking lugs (14, 16), said structure (3) comprising a central ferrule (31) from which project first and second radial flanges (32, 36) projecting between which the first and second hooking lugs (14, 16) are held each ring sector (10).
    It comprises first and second annular flanges (33, 34) removably attached to the first radial flange (32) of the central ferrule (31) and separated from each other by a contact stop (330, 340).

    Invention background
    A turbine ring assembly includes a plurality of ring sectors of ceramic matrix composite material as well as a ring support structure.
    The field of application of the invention is in particular that of aeronautical gas turbine engines. The invention is however applicable to other turbomachinery, for example industrial turbines.
    In the case of entirely metallic turbine ring assemblies, it is necessary to cool all the elements of the assembly and in particular the turbine ring which is subjected to the hottest flows. This cooling has a significant impact on engine performance since the cooling flow used is taken from the main flow of the engine. In addition, the use of metal for the turbine ring limits the possibilities of increasing the temperature at the turbine, which would however improve the performance of aeronautical engines.
    In order to try to solve these problems, it has been envisaged to produce turbine ring sectors in ceramic matrix composite material (CMC) in order to dispense with the use of a metallic material.
    CMC materials have good mechanical properties making them suitable for constituting structural elements and advantageously retain these properties at high temperatures. The use of CMC materials has advantageously made it possible to reduce the cooling flow to be imposed during operation and therefore to increase the performance of the turbomachines. In addition, the use of CMC materials advantageously makes it possible to reduce the mass of the turbomachines and to reduce the effect of hot expansion encountered with metal parts.
    However, the existing solutions proposed can implement an assembly of a CMC ring sector with metal attachment parts of a ring support structure, these attachment parts being subjected to the hot flow. Consequently, these metal attachment parts undergo hot expansion, which can lead to mechanical stressing of the ring sectors in CMC and to embrittlement of the latter.
    We also know the documents FR 2 540 939, GB 2 480 766, EP 1 350 927, US 2014/0271145, US 2012/082540 and FR 2 955 898 which disclose turbine ring assemblies.
    There is a need to improve the existing turbine ring assemblies and their mounting, and in particular the existing turbine ring assemblies using a CMC material in order to reduce the intensity of the mechanical stresses to which the ring sectors in CMCs are subject to the operation of the turbine.
    Subject and summary of the invention
    The invention aims to propose a set of turbine rings allowing the maintenance of each ring sector in a deterministic manner, that is to say so as to control its position and prevent it from vibrating. on the one hand, while allowing the ring sector, and by extension to the ring, to deform under the effects of temperature rises and pressure variations, and this in particular independently of the metal parts at the interface, and , on the other hand, while improving the seal between the non-vein sector and the vein sector and simplifying handling and reducing their number for mounting the ring assembly.
    An object of the invention provides a turbine ring assembly comprising a plurality of ring sectors forming a turbine ring and a ring support structure, each ring sector having, according to a cutting plane defined by an axial direction and a radial direction of the turbine ring, an annular base portion with, in the radial direction of the turbine ring, an internal face defining the internal face of the turbine ring and an external face to from which protrude first and second hooking lugs, the ring support structure comprising a central ferrule from which protrude first and second radial flanges between which the first and second attachment tabs of each ring sector.
    According to a general characteristic of the object, the turbine ring assembly comprises a first annular flange and a second annular flange disposed upstream of the first annular flange relative to the direction of an air flow intended to pass through the turbine ring assembly, the first and second annular flanges having respectively a first free end and a second end opposite the first end, the first end of the first annular flange being in abutment against the first hooking lug, the first end from the second annular flange being spaced from the first end of the first annular flange in the axial direction, the second ends of the first and second annular flanges being removably attached to the first radial flange of the central ferrule of the ring support structure , and the second end of the first flange and the second end of the second flange being separated by a contact stop.
    In a particular embodiment, the ring sectors can be made of a ceramic matrix composite material (CMC).
    The second annular flange separated from the first annular flange at its free end makes it possible to supply the turbine ring assembly with an upstream flange dedicated to the recovery of the force of the high pressure distributor (DHP). The second annular flange upstream of the turbine ring and free from any contact with the ring is configured to pass the maximum axial force induced by the DHP directly into the ring support structure without passing through the ring which, when in CMC, has low mechanical allowability.
    Indeed, leaving a space between the first ends of the first and second annular flanges allows to deflect the force received by the second flange, upstream of the first annular flange which is in contact with the turbine ring, and to do so pass directly to the central ferrule of the ring support structure via the second end of the second annular flange, without impacting the first annular flange and therefore without impacting the turbine ring. The first end of the first flange does not undergo any force, the turbine ring is thus preserved from this axial force.
    The transit of the DHP effort via the second annular flange can induce its tilting. This tilting can cause uncontrolled contact between the lower parts, that is to say the first ends, of the second annular flange and of the first annular flange in contact with the turbine ring, which would have the consequence of transmitting directly DHH effort at the ring.
    The contact stop provided between the second ends of the first and second annular flanges makes it possible to avoid contact between the lower part of the second annular flange, disposed upstream of the first flange, and that of the first annular flange, following this tilting. The direct transit of the DHH effort to the ring is therefore avoided.
    In addition, the removable nature of the annular flanges makes it possible to have axial access to the cavity of the turbine ring. This makes it possible to assemble the ring sectors together outside of the ring support structure and then to axially slide the assembly thus assembled into the cavity of the ring support structure until it comes into support against the second radial flange, before fixing the annular flange on the central ferrule of the ring support structure.
    During the operation of fixing the turbine ring to the ring support structure, it is possible to use a tool comprising a cylinder or a ring on which the ring sectors are pressed or vented during their crown assembly.
    Having two annular flanges each in one piece, that is to say describing the entirety of a ring on 360 °, allows, compared to annular flanges sectorized, to limit the passage of the flow of air between the non-vein sector and the vein sector, insofar as all inter-sector leaks are eliminated, and therefore to control the seal.
    The solution defined above for the ring assembly thus makes it possible to maintain each ring sector in a deterministic manner, that is to say to control its position and to prevent it from vibrating, while improving sealing between the non-vein sector and the vein sector, simplifying handling and reducing their number for mounting the ring assembly, and allowing the ring to deform under the effects of temperature and pressure especially independently of the metallic parts at the interface.
    According to a first aspect of the turbine ring assembly, the first annular flange may include the contact stop.
    According to a second aspect of the turbine ring assembly, the second annular flange may include the contact stop.
    According to a third aspect of the turbine ring assembly, the first flange may have a thickness in the axial direction less than the thickness in the axial direction of the second flange.
    The fineness of the second end of the first annular flange provides flexibility to the upstream part of the support structure intended to be in contact with the ring.
    The second annular flange, downstream of the first annular flange, provides, thanks to its increased thickness, greater rigidity at the downstream part of the ring support structure.
    According to a fourth aspect of the turbine ring assembly, the central ferrule of the ring support structure has a variable radius in the axial direction, the radius of the central ferrule decreasing according to the direction of the air flow intended passing through the turbine ring assembly, that is to say in the direction going from the first radial flange to the second radial flange.
    More particularly, the central ferrule of the ring support structure has a first radial portion opposite the first attachment tab of the turbine ring, and a second radial portion downstream of the first radial portion relative to the direction of said air flow intended to pass through the turbine ring assembly and opposite the second lug of the turbine ring, the second radial portion having a radius of curvature less than the radius of curvature of the first radial portion.
    According to a fifth aspect of the turbine ring assembly, the second radial flange of the ring support structure has a first free end and a second end secured to the central ferrule of the ring support structure, the first end of the second radial flange being in contact with the second hooking tab of the turbine ring and having a thickness in the axial direction greater than the thickness of the first end of the first annular flange.
    Controlling the rigidity at the level of the axial contacts of the ring support structure with the ring ensures that the seal is maintained in all circumstances, without however inducing excessive axial forces on the ring. The thin section of the second annular, downstream flange of the ring support structure allows flexibility of the downstream part of the ring support structure with respect to its upstream part formed by the first annular flange and the first and second annular flanges, due to the large thickness of the first annular flange.
    According to a sixth aspect of the turbine ring assembly, the ring sector may have a section in Greek letter pi (π) inverted according to the cutting plane defined by the axial direction and the radial direction, and the assembly may comprise, for each ring sector, at least three pins for radially maintaining the ring sector in position, the first and second hooking lugs of each ring sector each comprising a first end integral with the external face of the annular base, a second free end, at least three ears for receiving said at least three pins, at least two ears projecting from the second end of one of the first or second lugs in the radial direction of the turbine ring and at least one ear projecting from the second end of the other hooking lug in the radial direction of the turbine ring, each reception ear having a reception orifice n of one of the pawns.
    According to a seventh aspect of the turbine ring assembly, the ring sector can have a section having an elongated K shape along the cutting plane defined by the axial direction and the radial direction, the first and a second legs hook having an S shape.
    According to an eighth aspect of the turbine ring assembly, the ring sector may have, over at least one radial range of the ring sector, an O-section along the cutting plane defined by the axial direction and the radial direction, the first and second hooking tabs each having a first end secured to the external face and a second free end, and each ring sector comprising a third and a fourth hooking tabs each extending in the axial direction of the turbine ring, between a second end of the first hooking lug and a second end of the second hooking lug, each ring sector being fixed to the ring support structure by a fixing screw comprising a screw head in abutment against the ring support structure and a thread cooperating with a thread produced in a fixing plate, the fixing plate cooperating with the third and fourth tabs rocking. The ring sector also comprises radial pins extending between the central ferrule and the third and fourth hooking lugs.
    Another object of the invention provides a turbomachine comprising a turbine ring assembly as defined above.
    Brief description of the drawings.
    The invention will be better understood on reading the following, for information but not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
    - Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of a turbine ring assembly according to the invention;
    - Figure 2 is a schematic exploded perspective view of the turbine ring assembly of Figure 1;
    - Figure 3 is a schematic sectional view of the turbine ring assembly of Figure 1;
    - Figure 4 is a schematic sectional view of a second embodiment of the turbine ring assembly;
    - Figure 5 is a schematic sectional view of a third embodiment of the turbine ring assembly;
    - Figure 6 is a schematic sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the turbine ring assembly;
    - Figure 7 is a schematic sectional view of a fifth embodiment of the turbine ring assembly;
    - Figure 8 shows a schematic sectional view of a sixth embodiment of the turbine ring assembly.
    Detailed description of embodiments
    Figure 1 shows a high pressure turbine ring assembly comprising a turbine ring 1 made of ceramic matrix composite material (CMC) and a metal ring support structure
    3. The turbine ring 1 surrounds a set of rotating blades (not shown). The turbine ring 1 is formed from a plurality of ring sectors 10, FIG. 1 being a view in radial section. The arrow D A indicates the axial direction of the turbine ring 1 while the arrow D R indicates the radial direction of the turbine ring 1. For reasons of simplification of presentation, FIG. 1 is a partial view of the 'turbine ring 1 which is actually a complete ring.
    As illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 which respectively show a schematic exploded perspective view and a sectional view of the turbine ring assembly of Figure 1, the sectional view being along a section plane comprising the radial direction Dr and the axial direction D A , each ring sector 10 has, according to a plane defined by the axial directions D A and radial Dr, a section substantially in the shape of the Greek letter π inverted. The section in fact comprises an annular base 12 and radial lugs for upstream and downstream attachment, respectively 14 and 16. The terms upstream and downstream are used here with reference to the direction of flow of the gas flow in the turbine represented by the arrow F in FIG. 1. The legs of the ring sector 10 could have another shape, the section of the ring sector having a shape other than π, such as for example a K or O shape.
    The annular base 12 comprises, in the radial direction Dr of the ring 1, an internal face 12a and an external face 12b opposite one another. The internal face 12a of the annular base 12 is coated with a layer 13 of abradable material forming a thermal and environmental barrier and defines a flow stream for gas flow in the turbine. The terms internal and external are used here with reference to the radial direction Dr in the turbine.
    The upstream and downstream radial lugs 14 and 16 extend in projection, in the direction Dr, from the external face 12b of the annular base 12 at a distance from the upstream and downstream ends 121 and 122 of the annular base 12 The upstream and downstream hooking radial lugs 14 and 16 extend over the entire width of the ring sector 10, that is to say over the entire arc of a circle described by the ring sector 10, or else over the entire circumferential length of the ring sector 10.
    As illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, the ring support structure 3 which is integral with a turbine casing comprises a central ferrule 31, extending in the axial direction D A , and having an axis of revolution coincides with the axis of revolution of the turbine ring 1 when they are fixed together, as well as a first annular radial flange 32 and a second annular radial flange 36, the first annular radial flange 32 being positioned upstream of the second annular radial flange 36 which is therefore downstream of the first annular radial flange 32.
    The second annular radial flange 36 extends in the circumferential direction of the ring 1 and, in the radial direction Dr, from the central ferrule 31 towards the center of the ring 1. It comprises a first free end 361 and a second end 362 integral with the central ferrule 31. The second annular radial flange 36 has a first portion 363, a second portion 364, and a third portion 365 between the first portion 363 and the second portion 364. The first portion 363 extends between the first end 361 and the third portion 365, and the second portion 364 extends between the third portion 365 and the second end 362. The first portion 363 of the second annular radial flange 36 is in contact with the radial flange of downstream attachment 16. The second portion 364 is thinned relative to the first portion 363 and the third portion 365 so as to give a certain flexibility to the second annular radial flange 36 and thus n Do not over-constrain the turbine ring 1 in CMC.
    The first annular radial flange 32 extends in the circumferential direction of the ring 1 and, in the radial direction D R , from the central ferrule 31 towards the center of the ring 1. It comprises a first free end 321 and a second end 322 secured to the central ferrule 31.
    As illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, the turbine ring assembly 1 comprises a first annular flange 33 and a second annular flange 34, the two annular flanges 33 and 34 being detachably fixed on the first radial flange annular 32. The first and second annular flanges 33 and 34 are arranged upstream of the turbine ring 1 relative to the direction F of flow of the gas flow in the turbine.
    The first annular flange 33 is arranged downstream of the second annular flange 34. The first annular flange 33 has a first free end 331 and a second end 332 removably attached to the ring support structure 3, and more particularly to the first annular radial flange 32. The second annular flange 34 has a first free end 341 and a second end 342 removably fixed to the ring support structure 3, and more particularly to the first annular radial flange 32.
    In addition, the first annular flange 33 has a first portion 333 extending from the first end 331 and a second portion 334 extending between the first portion 333 and the second end 332. When the ring assembly 1 is mounted , the first portion 333 of the first annular flange 33 is in abutment against the upstream radial lug 14 of each of the ring sectors 10 composing the turbine ring 1, and the second portion 334 of the first annular flange 34 bears against at least part of the first annular radial flange 32.
    The second annular flange 34 is dedicated to the recovery of the force of the high pressure distributor (DHP) on the ring assembly 1, on the one hand, by deforming, and, on the other hand, by passing this force towards the casing line which is more mechanically robust, that is to say towards the line of the ring support structure 3 as illustrated by the force arrows E presented in FIG. 3.
    The first annular flange 33 and the second annular flange 34 are in contact at their second end 332 and 342 respectively.
    The radial maintenance of the ring 1 is ensured by the first annular flange 33 which is pressed against the first annular radial flange 32 of the ring support structure 3 and on the upstream radial hooking lug 14. The first annular flange 33 seals between the vein cavity and the cavity outside the vein of the ring.
    The second annular flange 34 provides the connection between the downstream part of the DHP, the ring support structure 3, or casing, by radial surface contact, and the first annular flange 33 by axial surface contact.
    In the first embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, the second end 342 of the second annular flange 34 comprises a contact stop 340 projecting in the axial direction D A between the second annular flange 34 and the first flange annular 33. The contact stop 340 makes it possible to maintain a distance between the first end 331 of the first annular flange 33 and the first end 341 of the second annular flange 34 during the tilting of the second annular flange 34 induced by the DHP force.
    The first and second annular flanges 33 and 34 are fixed by hooping on the ring support structure 3.
    The second annular flange 34 is hooped on the central ferrule 31 of the ring support structure 3, the hooping being carried out between a protruding portion 345, in the radial direction D R , of the second end 342 of the second annular flange 34 and the central ferrule 31.
    The first annular flange 33 is hooped on the first annular radial flange 32 of the ring support structure 3. More precisely, the hooping is carried out between a radial surface 335 approximately in the middle, in the radial direction Dr, of the first annular flange 33 and a radial surface 325 at mid-height of the first annular radial flange 32, the two radial surfaces 335 and 325 being opposite, and even in contact, with each other in the radial direction D R. The radial surface 335 of the first annular flange 33 extends over the entire circumference of the first annular flange 33, and on the face of the first annular flange 33 opposite the first annular flange 32. More specifically, the radial surface 335 of the first annular flange 33 can be formed anywhere on the portion of the first annular flange 33 intended to be in contact with the first annular radial flange 32, the radial surface 325 of the first annular radial flange 32 being formed at a corresponding height on the face of the first annular radial flange 32 opposite the first annular flange 33.
    The ring support structure 3 further comprises screws 38 which enable the ring to be pressed in the low radial position, that is to say towards the vein, in a deterministic manner. There is indeed a clearance between the axial pins and the bores on the ring to compensate for the differential expansion between the metal and the CMC elements which takes place when hot.
    In Figure 4 is presented a schematic sectional view of a second embodiment of the turbine ring assembly.
    The second embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 4 differs from the first embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 mainly in that the second end 332 of the first annular flange 33 comprises a contact stop 330, instead of the second flange 34, the contact stop 330 projecting in the axial direction Da between the first annular flange 33 and the second annular flange 34.
    As in the first embodiment, the first and second annular flanges 33 and 34 are fixed to the ring support structure 3 by radial hooping.
    As illustrated in FIG. 4, in the second embodiment, the second end 342 of the second annular flange 34 has, in section along the cutting plane comprising the axial direction D a and the radial direction Dr, a rounded shape and thus forms a ball in contact with the central ferrule 31 of the ring support structure 3. The tilting of the second annular flange 34 is effected by this form of ball on the second end 342. The ball is in linear contact with the central ferrule 31 of the ring support structure 3. When the DHP force is applied to the second annular flange 34, the latter flips forward, that is to say in the direction of flow F. The upper part of the second annular flange 34, that is to say that extending radially from the second end 342, is stopped axially by the contact stop 330 of the first annular flange 33.
    In Figure 5 is presented a schematic sectional view of a third embodiment of the turbine ring assembly.
    The third embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 5 also presents the contact stop 340 on the second end 342 of the second annular flange 34. The third embodiment differs from the first embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 mainly in that the first annular flange 33 has a thickness in the axial direction D a less than the thickness of the second annular flange 34. The first annular flange 33 is fixed by hooping of the second end 332 on the central ferrule 31 of the ring support structure 3.
    As explained later in the description, the third embodiment of the invention also presents differences compared to the first embodiment for fixing the ring to the ring support structure 3.
    In the third embodiment, the first portion of the second annular radial flange 36 further comprises a groove 360 in which is disposed an omega seal 369 extending between the second annular radial flange 36 and the downstream radial hooking tab 16 .
    In Figure 6 is presented a schematic sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the turbine ring assembly.
    The fourth embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figure 6 is similar to the third embodiment illustrated in Figure
    5. The fourth embodiment also has the contact stop 340 on the second end 342 of the second annular flange 34, the omega seal 369 extending in the groove 360 of the second annular radial flange 36, as well as a thickness of the first annular flange 33 in the axial direction D A less than the thickness of the second annular flange 34.
    The fourth embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figure 6 differs from the third embodiment illustrated in Figure 5 in that the central ferrule 31 of the ring support structure 3 has a variable radius in the axial direction D A , the radius of the central ferrule 31 decreasing in the direction of the air flow F intended to pass through the turbine ring assembly, that is to say in the direction going from the first radial flange 32 towards the second radial flange 36.
    The central ferrule 31 of the ring support structure 3 has a first radial portion 310 facing the upstream radial lug 14 of the ring 1, and a second radial portion 315 downstream of the first radial portion 310 with respect to the direction of the air flow F and facing the downstream radial hooking lug 16 of the ring 1. The second radial portion 315 has a radius of curvature less than the radius of curvature of the first radial portion 310.
    In Figure 7 is presented a schematic sectional view of a fifth embodiment of the turbine ring assembly.
    The fifth embodiment illustrated in FIG. 7 differs from the first embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 in that the ring sector 10 has, in the plane defined by the axial directions D a and radial D R , a K-shaped section instead of an inverted π-shaped section.
    In Figure 8 is presented a schematic sectional view of a sixth embodiment of the turbine ring assembly.
    The sixth embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8 differs from the first embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 in that the ring sector 10 has in the plane defined by the axial directions D a and radial Dr, on a part of the ring sector 10, an O-shaped section instead of an inverted π-shaped section, the ring section 10 being fixed to the ring support structure 3 using a screw 19 and a fixing part 20, the screws 38 being eliminated.
    In each of the embodiments of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 8, in the axial direction D A , the second annular radial flange 36 of the ring support structure 3 is separated from the first annular flange 33 by a distance corresponding to the spacing of the upstream and downstream hooking radial tabs 14 and 16 so as to maintain the latter between the first annular radial flange 32 and the second annular radial flange 36.
    In the first and second embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, in order to maintain in position the ring sectors 10, and therefore the turbine ring 1, with the ring support structure 3, the assembly ring comprises two first pins 119 cooperating with the upstream hooking lug 14 and the first annular flange 33, and two second pins 120 cooperating with the downstream hooking lug 16 and the second annular radial flange 36.
    In these two embodiments illustrated respectively in FIGS. 1 to 3 and in FIG. 4, for each corresponding ring sector 10, the second portion 334 of the first annular flange 33 comprises two orifices 3340 for receiving the first two pins 119, and the third portion 365 of the annular radial flange 36 comprises two orifices 3650 configured to receive the two second pins 120.
    For each ring sector 10, each of the upstream and downstream hooking radial lugs 14 and 16 comprises a first end, 141 and 161, secured to the external face 12b of the annular base 12 and a second end, 142 and 162, free. The second end 142 of the upstream radial lug 14 comprises two first ears 17 each comprising an orifice 170 configured to receive a first pin 119. Similarly, the second end 162 of the downstream radial lug 16 comprises two second ears 18 each comprising an orifice 180 configured to receive a second pin 120. The first and second ears 17 and 18 extend projecting in the radial direction Dr from the turbine ring 1 respectively from the second end 142 of the tab upstream radial attachment 14 and the second end 162 of the downstream radial attachment tab 16.
    The holes 170 and 180 can be circular or oblong. Preferably the set of orifices 170 and 180 comprises a portion of circular orifices and a portion of oblong orifices. The circular orifices allow the rings to be tangentially indexed and to prevent them from being able to move tangentially (in particular in the event of contact by the blade). The oblong holes make it possible to accommodate the differential expansions between the CMC and the metal. CMC has a much lower coefficient of expansion than that of metal. When hot, the lengths in the tangential direction of the ring sector and of the housing portion opposite will therefore be different. If there were only circular orifices, the metal casing would impose its displacements on the ring in CMC, which would be a source of very high mechanical stresses in the ring sector. Having oblong holes in the ring assembly allows the pin to slide in this hole and avoid the over-stress phenomenon mentioned above. Therefore, two drilling patterns can be imagined: a first drilling pattern, for a case with three ears, would include a circular radial hole on a radial attachment flange and two oblong tangential holes on the other radial attachment flange , and a second drilling scheme, for a case with at least four ears, would include a circular orifice and an oblong orifice by radial hooking flange facing each other. Other ancillary cases can also be envisaged.
    For each ring sector 10, the first two lugs 17 are positioned at two different angular positions relative to the axis of revolution of the turbine ring 1. Similarly, for each ring sector 10, the two seconds ears 18 are positioned at two different angular positions with respect to the rate of revolution of the turbine ring 1.
    In the third and fourth embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, each ring sector comprises only one pin 119 cooperating with the upstream radial hooking lug 14 and with the first annular radial flange 32. More particularly , the pin 119 cooperates with the orifice 170 of the first ear 17 of the upstream radial hooking lug 14 corresponding to the ring sector 10 and with an orifice 3260 of an ear 326 projecting radially towards the axis of revolution of the ring 1 and of the ring support structure 3.
    As illustrated in FIG. 7, in the fifth embodiment, each ring sector 10 has, in a plane defined by the axial D A and radial Dr directions, a substantially K-shaped section comprising an annular base 12 with, according to the radial direction Dr of the ring, an internal face 12a coated with a layer 13 of abradable material forming a thermal and environmental barrier and which defines the flow stream of gas flow in the turbine. Radial lugs upstream and downstream 140,160 substantially S-shaped extend, in the radial direction Dr, from the outer face 12b of the annular base 12 over the entire width thereof and above the upstream and downstream circumferential end portions 121 and 122 of the annular base 12.
    The radial hooking lugs 140 and 160 have a first end, referenced respectively 1410 and 1610, secured to the annular base 12 and a second free end, referenced respectively 1420 and 1620. The free ends 1420 and 1620 of the radial hooking lugs upstream and downstream 140 and 160 extend either parallel to the plane in which the annular base 12 extends, that is to say in a circular plane, or in a rectilinear manner while the lugs 140 and 160 s' extend annularly. In this second configuration where the ends are rectilinear and the annular hooking lugs, in the event of a possible tilting of the ring during operation, the surface supports then become linear supports which offers a greater seal than in the case of ad hoc support. The second end 1620 of the downstream radial hooking tab 160 is held between a portion 3610 of the second annular radial flange 36 projecting in the axial direction D A from the first end 361 of the second annular radial flange 36 in the direction opposite to the direction of flow F and the free end of the associated screw 38, that is to say the screw opposite to the screw head. The second end 1410 of the upstream radial hooking lug 140 is held between a portion 3310 of the first annular flange 33 projecting in the axial direction D A from the first end 331 of the first annular flange 33 in the direction of flow F and the free end of the associated screw 38.
    In the sixth embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8, the ring sector 10 comprises an axial latching lug 17 'extending between the upstream and downstream latching lugs 14 and 16. The axial latching lug 17 'extends more precisely, in the axial direction D A , between the second end 142 of the upstream radial lug 14 and the second end 162 of the downstream radial lug 16.
    The axial latching tab 17 ′ comprises an upstream end 171 ′ and an end 172 ′ separated by a central part 170 ′. The upstream and downstream ends 171 ′ and 172 ′ of the axial hooking lug 17 ′ extend in projection, in the radial direction Dr, from the second end 142, 162 of the radial hooking lug 14, 16 to which they are coupled, so as to have a central portion 170 ′ of axial latching lug 17 ′ raised relative to the second ends 142 and 162 of the radial latching lugs upstream and downstream 14 and 16.
    For each ring sector 10, the turbine ring assembly comprises a screw 19 and a fixing piece 20. The fixing piece 20 is fixed on the axial lug 17 '.
    The fixing piece 20 further comprises an orifice 21 provided with a thread cooperating with a thread of the screw 19 to fix the fixing piece 20 to the screw 19. The screw 19 comprises a screw head 190 whose diameter is greater the diameter of an orifice 39 produced in the central ferrule 31 of the support structure of the ring 3 through which the screw 19 is inserted before being screwed to the fixing part 20.
    The radial connection of the ring sector 10 with the ring support structure 3 is carried out using the screw 19, the head 190 of which rests on the central ring 31 of the ring support structure 3, and of the fixing piece 20 screwed to the screw 19 and fixed to the axial hooking lug 17 ′ of the ring sector 10, the screw head 190 and the fixing piece 20 exerting forces of opposite directions for hold ring 1 and ring support structure 3 together.
    In a variant, the radial retention of the ring down can be ensured using four radial pins pressed on the axial lug 17 ′, and the radial retention upwards of the ring can be ensured by a pick head, secured to the screw 19, placed under the ring in the cavity between the axial latching lug 17 ′ and the external face 12b of the annular base.
    In each of the embodiments of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 8, each ring sector 10 further comprises rectilinear bearing surfaces 110 mounted on the faces of the upstream and downstream hooking radial tabs 14 and 16 in contact respectively with the first annular flange 33 and the second annular radial flange 36, that is to say on the upstream face 14a of the upstream radial lug 14 and on the downstream face 16b of the radial lug of downstream attachment 16. In a variant, the rectilinear supports could be mounted on the first annular flange 33 and on the second downstream annular radial flange 36.
    The rectilinear supports 110 make it possible to have controlled sealing zones. In fact, the bearing surfaces 110 between the upstream radial hooking tab 14 and the first annular flange 33, on the one hand, and between the downstream radial hooking tab 16 and the second annular radial flange 36 are included in the same rectilinear plane.
    More precisely, having supports on radial planes makes it possible to overcome the effects of decambrage in the turbine ring
    1.
    We will now describe a process for producing a turbine ring assembly corresponding to that shown in FIG. 1, that is to say according to the first embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3.
    Each ring sector 10 described above is made of a ceramic matrix composite material (CMC) by forming a fibrous preform having a shape close to that of the ring sector and densification of the ring sector by a ceramic matrix. .
    For the production of the fiber preform, it is possible to use ceramic fiber yarns, for example SiC fiber yarns such as those sold by the Japanese company Nippon Carbon under the name Hi-NicalonS, or carbon fiber yarns.
    The fibrous preform is advantageously produced by three-dimensional weaving, or multilayer weaving with the arrangement of unbinding zones making it possible to separate the parts of preforms corresponding to the lugs 14 and 16 from the sectors 10.
    The weaving can be of the interlock type, as illustrated. Other three-dimensional or multi-layer weaving weaves can be used, for example multi-canvas or multi-satin weaves. Reference may be made to document WO 2006/136755.
    After weaving, the blank can be shaped to obtain a ring sector preform which is consolidated and densified by a ceramic matrix, the densification being able to be carried out in particular by chemical gas infiltration (CVI) which is well known in oneself. In a variant, the textile preform can be hardened a little by CVI so that it is rigid enough to be handled, before making liquid silicon rise by capillary action in the textile to make densification (“Melt Infiltration”).
    A detailed example of manufacturing ring sectors in CMC is described in particular in document US 2012/0027572.
    The ring support structure 3 is made of a metallic material such as a Waspaioy® or inconel 718® or C263® alloy.
    The production of the turbine ring assembly continues with the mounting of the ring sectors 10 on the ring support structure
    3.
    For this, the ring sectors 10 are assembled together on an annular tool of the “spider” type comprising, for example, suction cups configured to each maintain a ring sector 10.
    Then the two second pins 120 are inserted into the two orifices 3650 provided in the third part 365 of the second annular radial flange 36 of the ring support structure 3.
    The ring 1 is then mounted on the ring support structure 3 by inserting each second pin 120 into each of the orifices 180 of the second ears 18 of the downstream radial attachment flanges 16 of each ring sector 10 making up the ring 1.
    All the first pins 119 are then placed in the holes 170 provided in the first ears 17 of the radial latching lug 14 of the ring 1.
    Then the first annular flange 33 and the second annular flange 34 are fixed to the ring support structure 3 and to the ring 1. The first and second annular flanges 33 and 34 are fixed by hooping to the support structure d 'ring 3. The DHP force exerted in the direction of flow F reinforces this fixation during engine operation.
    To keep the ring 1 in a radially position, the first annular flange 33 is fixed to the ring by inserting each first pin 119 in each of the orifices 170 of the first ears 17 of the upstream radial lugs 14 of each ring sector 10 making up ring 1.
    The ring 1 is thus held in axial position by means of the first annular flange 33 and the second annular radial flange 36 bearing respectively upstream and downstream on the support surfaces 110 rectilinear of the radial lugs of hooking respectively upstream 14 and downstream 16. During the installation of the first annular flange 33, an axial prestress can be applied to the first annular flange 33 and to the upstream radial hooking lug 14 to overcome the effect of differential expansion between the material CMC of the ring 1 and the metal of the ring support structure 3. The first annular flange 33 is held in axial stress by mechanical elements placed upstream as shown in dotted lines in FIG. 3.
    The ring 1 is held in position radially using the first and second pins 119 and 120 cooperating with the first and second ears 17 and 18 and the orifices 3340 and 3650 of the first annular flange 33 and of the annular radial flange 36.
    The invention thus provides a turbine ring assembly allowing the maintenance of each ring sector in a deterministic manner while allowing, on the one hand, the ring sector, and by extension to the ring, to deform under the effects of temperature rises and pressure variations, and this in particular independently of the metallic parts at the interface, and, on the other hand, while improving the seal between the non-vein sector and the vein sector and by simplifying manipulations and reducing their number for mounting the ring assembly.
    In addition, the invention provides a turbine ring assembly comprising an upstream annular flange dedicated to the recovery of the DHP force and thus to induce low levels of force in the CMC ring, a contact stop between the annular flange dedicated to the resumption of the DHP force and the annular flange used to maintain the ring, the stop making it possible to ensure the non-contact of the lower parts of the two flanges during the tilting of the upstream flange. The turbine ring assembly according to the invention also makes it possible to control the rigidity at the level of the upstream and downstream axial contacts between the CMC ring and the metal casing. Therefore sealing is ensured in all circumstances, without inducing excessive axial forces on the ring.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. A turbine ring assembly comprising a plurality of ring sectors (10) forming a turbine ring (1) and a ring support structure (3), each ring sector (10) having, according to a section plane defined by an axial direction (D A ) and a radial direction (Dr) of the turbine ring (1), an annular base portion (12) with, in the radial direction (D R ) of l turbine ring (1), an internal face (12a) defining the internal face of the turbine ring (1) and an external face (12b) from which project first and second legs d 'hooking (14, 16), the ring support structure (3) comprising a central ferrule (31) from which project first and second radial flanges (32, 36) projecting between which are held the first and second attachment tabs (14,16) of each ring sector (10), characterized in that it comprises a first annular flange (33) and a second ann flange ular (34) disposed upstream of the first annular flange (33) relative to the direction of an air flow (F) intended to pass through the turbine ring assembly (1), the first and second annular flanges ( 33, 34) respectively having a first free end (331, 341) and a second end (332, 342) opposite the first end, the first end (331) of the first flange (33) being in abutment against the first leg of 'hooking (14), the first end (341) of the second annular flange (34) being distant from the first end (331) of the first annular flange (33) in the axial direction (D A ), the second ends (332, 342) first and second annular flanges (33, 34) being removably attached to the first radial flange (32) of the central ferrule (31) of the ring support structure (3), and the second end of the first flange (33) and the second end (342) of the second flange (34) being separated by a contact stop (330, 340 ).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the first annular flange (33) comprises the contact stop (330).
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the second annular flange (34) comprises the contact stop (340).
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Assembly according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first flange (33) has a thickness in the axial direction (D a ) less than the thickness in the axial direction (D A ) of the second flange (34 ).
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. The assembly of claim 4, wherein the central ferrule (31) of the ring support structure (3) has a radius varying in the axial direction (D A ), the radius of the central ferrule (31) decreasing in the direction of the air flow (F) intended to pass through the turbine ring assembly (1), that is to say in the direction going from the first radial flange (32) towards the second radial flange (36).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Assembly according to one of claims 4 or 5, wherein the second radial flange (36) of the ring support structure (3) has a first end (361) free and a second end (362) integral with the central ferrule (31) of the ring support structure (3), the first end (361) of the second radial flange (36) being in contact with the second hooking lug (16) of the ring turbine (1) and having a thickness in the axial direction (D A ) greater than the thickness of the first end (331) of the first annular flange (33).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Assembly according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the ring sector has a section in π along the cutting plane defined by the axial direction (D A ) and the radial direction (Dr), and the assembly comprises, for each ring sector (10), at least three pins (119, 120) for radially holding the ring sector (10) in position, the first and second hooking lugs (14, 16) of each ring sector (10) each comprising a first end (141, 161) integral with the external face (12b) of the annular base (12), a second end (142, 162) free, at least three ears (17 , 18) for receiving said at least three pins (119, 120), at least two ears (17) projecting from the second end (142, 162) of one of the first or second hooking tabs (14 , 16) in the radial direction (D r ) of the turbine ring (1) and at least one lug (18) projecting from the second end (162, 142) of the other hooking tab e (16, 14) in the radial direction (Dr) of the turbine ring (1), each receiving lug (17,18) having an orifice (170, 180) for receiving one of the pins (119,120) .
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Assembly according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the ring sector has a section in K according to the cutting plane defined by the axial direction (D A ) and the radial direction (Dr the first and a second hooking lugs (14,16) having an S shape.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Assembly according to one of claims 1 to 6, in which the ring sector has an O-section along the cutting plane defined by the axial direction (D A ) and the radial direction (Dr), the first and the second attachment tabs (14, 16) each having a first end (141, 161) integral with the external face (12b) and a second free end (142, 162), and each ring sector (10) comprising a third and a fourth hooking lugs (17 ') each extending, in the axial direction (D A ) of the turbine ring (1), between a second end (142) of the first hooking lug (14) and a second end (162) of the second hooking lug (16), each ring sector (10) being fixed to the ring support structure (3) by a fixing screw (19) comprising a screw head (190) bearing against the ring support structure (3) and a thread cooperating with a thread formed in a fixing plate (20), the plate d e fixing (20) cooperating with the third and fourth hooking lugs (173.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Turbomachine comprising a turbine ring assembly (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
    1/8
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    公开号 | 公开日
    US20200131938A1|2020-04-30|
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    法律状态:
    2018-02-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2018-09-21| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20180921 |
    2019-02-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2020-02-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2021-02-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2022-02-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1752149|2017-03-16|
    FR1752149A|FR3064023B1|2017-03-16|2017-03-16|TURBINE RING ASSEMBLY|FR1752149A| FR3064023B1|2017-03-16|2017-03-16|TURBINE RING ASSEMBLY|
    EP18714567.7A| EP3596313A1|2017-03-16|2018-03-13|Turbine ring assembly|
    PCT/FR2018/050588| WO2018172654A1|2017-03-16|2018-03-13|Turbine ring assembly|
    US16/494,062| US11111822B2|2017-03-16|2018-03-13|Turbine ring assembly|
    CN201880025313.9A| CN110537005A|2017-03-16|2018-03-13|Turbine ring assemblies|
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